Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. يُؤْمِنُونَ names an action — believing — from the root امن, faith and trust. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb describes ongoing action and opens with one of the four prefixes أ ن ي ت. يُؤْمِنُونَ opens with يُ, so their believing is ongoing: 'they believe'. L8 · R3

The Five Verbs · الأفعال الخمسةThe Five Verbs are the five present shapes ending in نَ, one being يَفْعَلُونَ 'they do'. يُؤْمِنُونَ has that ونَ ending marking 'they', and its kept نَ shows it stands in its plain, ordinary mood. L10 · R10

Hamzated Verb · فعل مهموزA hamzated verb has a hamza (ء) as one of its root letters, shifting its written seat (أ/ؤ/ئ). From the root امن, the hamza surfaces here as the ؤ in يُؤْمِنُونَ. L24 · R11

Form IV Verb · أَفْعَلَA Form IV verb adds a hamzah to the front of the root and in the present shows a ḍammah ـُ on the opening letter (يُـ). يُؤْمِنُونَ carries that ḍammah ـُ on its يُ, the mark of this form: to have faith. L12 · R7

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto another word. The ونَ ending on يُؤْمِنُونَ is such a suffix, standing for 'they' — the many who do the believing. L3 · R6

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, so it stands in the nominative — the 'subject form', usually shown by a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl written above the final letter. The ونَ ending on يُؤْمِنُونَ is that doer, 'they' — the ones believing; on this attached pronoun the shape is fixed, so no ḍammah appears, but the role it fills is the nominative one. L9 · R4

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little helper word that relates one thing to another. The prefix بِ means 'in', joining the believing to its object: belief 'in' what was revealed. L4 · R2

Relative Pronoun · اسم موصولA relative pronoun hooks a describing sentence onto its meaning. مَآ means 'what' — 'in what has been revealed' — and the sentence after it tells us what that 'what' is. L5 · R13

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. أُنزِلَ names an action — sending down — from the root نزل, to come down and send down. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past tense verb describes an action already completed. أُنزِلَ speaks of a sending-down that has already taken place: 'was revealed'. L8 · R1

Passive Voice · المبني للمجهولA passive voice verb hides who did the action by changing its inner vowels — the past فَعَلَ becomes فُعِلَ, with a ḍammah ـُ then a kasrah ـِ. أُنزِلَ shows the ḍammah ـُ on its first letter and the kasrah ـِ on the زِ, so it means 'was sent down' without naming the sender. L11 · R4

Form IV Verb · أَفْعَلَA Form IV verb is built by adding a hamzah to the front of the root — أَنزَلَ, 'sent down', from نزل 'descended'. أُنزِلَ carries that front hamzah (here أُ in its passive shape), the mark of this causing form. L12 · R5

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. The part إِلَيْ ('to') here is such a helper word. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little helper word that relates one thing to another. إِلَيْ means 'to' or 'toward'; joined to the pronoun كَ 'you' it gives إِلَيْكَ, 'to you' — the direction of the revelation. L4 · R2

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'you/your' glued onto the end of another word. The ending كَ on إِلَيْكَ is such a suffix, meaning 'you', naming the one the Book was sent to. L3 · R6

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a particle like 'and' that joins items together. The prefix وَ means 'and', linking this second 'what' to the first: 'what was revealed to you, and what was revealed before you'. L4 · R4

Relative Pronoun · اسم موصولA relative pronoun hooks a describing sentence onto its meaning. مَآ means 'what' — 'and what was revealed before you' — and the sentence after it tells us what that 'what' is. L5 · R13

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. أُنزِلَ names an action — sending down — from the root نزل, to come down and send down. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past tense verb describes an action already completed. أُنزِلَ speaks of a sending-down that already took place, here of earlier scriptures: 'was revealed'. L8 · R1

Passive Voice · المبني للمجهولA passive voice verb hides who did the action by changing its inner vowels — فَعَلَ to فُعِلَ, with a ḍammah ـُ then a kasrah ـِ. أُنزِلَ shows the ḍammah ـُ on its first letter and the kasrah ـِ on the زِ: 'was sent down', without naming the sender. L11 · R4

Form IV Verb · أَفْعَلَA Form IV verb adds a hamzah to the front of the root — أَنزَلَ 'sent down' from نزل 'descended'. أُنزِلَ carries that front hamzah (here أُ in its passive shape), the mark of this causing form. L12 · R5

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. مِن is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little helper word that relates one thing to another and pulls the noun after it into the genitive ending. مِن means 'from', and with 'before' it marks the time earlier than you: 'from before you'. L4 · R1

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or time. قَبْل names a time — 'before' — from the root قبل, being before and facing. L1 · R6

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the letter. Because قَبْل stands right after the preposition مِن 'from', it carries that kasrah ـِ: مِن قَبْلِكَ. L2 · R12

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'you/your' glued onto the end of another word. The ending كَ on قَبْلِكَ is such a suffix, meaning 'you', fixing the time as 'before you'. L3 · R6

Possessive (Idafa) · مضاف إليهA possessive chain joins two words into an 'of' phrase, and the second, the owner, takes the genitive. Here the attached كَ 'you' fills that owner slot on قَبْل 'before' — literally 'the before of you', that is, 'before you'. L5 · R5

Resumptive Particle · حرف استئنافA resumptive وَ begins a fresh statement rather than adding a plain item. Here it opens the next thing said about them — their certainty about the Hereafter — a new stroke in the description. L14 · R1

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little helper word that relates one thing to another and pulls the noun after it into the genitive ending. The prefix بِ means 'in', joining their certainty to its object: certainty 'in' the Hereafter. L4 · R1

Definite Article · أل التعريفThe prefix ٱلْ means 'the' — one specific, known thing. Here it marks ءَاخِرَة as 'the Hereafter', the known life to come. L2 · R9

Noun · اسمA word that accepts the prefix ٱلْ ('the') is a noun — a naming word. This word carries that prefix and names a thing, 'the Hereafter', from the root اخر, what is last and comes after. L1 · R1

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as grammatically 'she', most often marked by a ة at the end. ءَاخِرَة carries that round ة ending, so it is feminine: 'the Hereafter'. L2 · R1

Singular Noun · مفردA singular noun refers to exactly one thing. ءَاخِرَة names one thing — the single life to come, the Hereafter. L2 · R4

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the letter. Because ءَاخِرَة stands right after the preposition بِ 'in', it ends in that kasrah ـِ: بِٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ. L2 · R12

Detached Pronoun · ضمير منفصلA detached pronoun is a standalone word for 'they', 'you', 'I', and the like. هُمْ is the standalone word 'they', naming the very group being described. L3 · R2

Subject (Mubtada') · مبتدأThe subject is the noun a sentence opens by talking about — its topic — and it stands in the nominative, the 'topic form' usually shown by a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl written above the final letter. هُمْ 'they' stands as that topic here — a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so no ḍammah appears, but the role it fills is the nominative one — and what follows ('are certain') tells us about them. L6 · R2

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. يُوقِنُونَ names an action — being sure, holding as certain — from the root يقن, to be certain and sure of. L1 · R7

Predicate (Khabar) · خبرThe predicate tells you something about the topic, and it may be a whole verb-sentence. The sentence opened with the topic هُمْ 'they'; يُوقِنُونَ 'they are certain' is the information told about them — 'they are certain'. L6 · R6

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb describes ongoing action and opens with one of the four prefixes أ ن ي ت. يُوقِنُونَ opens with يُ, so their certainty is ongoing: 'they are certain'. L8 · R3

The Five Verbs · الأفعال الخمسةThe Five Verbs are the five present shapes ending in نَ, one being يَفْعَلُونَ 'they do'. يُوقِنُونَ has that ونَ ending marking 'they', and its kept نَ shows it stands in its plain, ordinary mood. L10 · R10

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb has a و or ي among its root letters that can turn into a long vowel. From the root يقن, the weak letter surfaces as the long ū sound of يُوقِنُونَ. L24 · R2

Form IV Verb · أَفْعَلَA Form IV verb adds a hamzah to the front of the root and in the present shows a ḍammah ـُ on the opening letter (يُـ). يُوقِنُونَ carries that ḍammah ـُ on its يُ, the mark of this form: to be firmly certain. L12 · R7

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto another word. The ونَ ending on يُوقِنُونَ is such a suffix, standing for 'they' — the many who hold this certainty. L3 · R6

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, so it stands in the nominative — the 'subject form', usually shown by a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl written above the final letter. The ونَ ending on يُوقِنُونَ is that doer, 'they' — the ones who are certain; on this attached pronoun the shape is fixed, so no ḍammah appears, but the role it fills is the nominative one. L9 · R4