28:42

Al-Qasas · Ayah 42

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And We caused to follow them

وَأَتْبَعْنَـٰهُمْ

And We caused to follow them

وHarf · Conjunction

Conjunction: connects words, phrases, or clauses

and

أتْبعْFi'l · Verb

1st personPluralPastForm ((IV))

Rootتبع

★★★★Very common

to follow

Lemmaأَتْبَعَ

Verb (form IV) - to follow

نIsm · Personal pronoun

Attached pronoun: functions as object, possessor, or complement (1st person plural)

us/our

1st personPlural

هُمْIsm · Personal pronoun

Attached pronoun: functions as object, possessor, or complement (3rd person masculine plural)

them/their

3rd personMasculinePlural

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Past tense verb

وَأَتْبَعْنَـٰهُمْ (And We caused to follow them) is a past tense verb — the action already happened and is complete.

We translate it in past tense — "did", "created", "said", etc.

Verb form IV — causative

وَأَتْبَعْنَـٰهُمْ (And We caused to follow them) uses form IV (أَفْعَلَ) — the أ at the start makes it causative ("to make someone do something").

We translate it as "to make [someone] do" or "to cause [action]".

Conjunction وَ (and)

وَأَتْبَعْنَـٰهُمْ (And We caused to follow them) starts with وَ, the most common Arabic word — it means "and".

We add "and" to connect this to what came before.

And We caused to overtake them in this world a curse, and on the Day of Resurrection they will be of the despised.

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