Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word of one to three letters that works like glue — it connects or adjusts other words rather than naming something or describing an action, and it can never be the one a sentence is about. لَن · 'will not' is such a helper. L1 · R9

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle flips a statement to its opposite, and لَنْ 'will not' negates the future, putting the verb after it into the subjunctive mood — typically marked by a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the verb's last letter. Their claim opens with it: the Fire will NEVER touch us. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. تَمَسَّ is an action unfolding now: 'will touch us', from the root مسس: to touch, to affect, to befall. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present-tense verb is the verb shape that opens with one of the four present-tense prefixes أ ن ي ت; small helper words before it can bend its time and mood. تَمَسَّ wears that present-tense shape, opening with exactly such a letter: 'will touch us', from the root مسس: to touch, to affect, to befall. L8 · R3

Subjunctive Mood · الفعل المنصوبThe subjunctive is the mood a present tense verb takes after particles like أَنْ and لَنْ, its marker a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke — on the final letter for singular shapes. تَمَسَّ stands right after لَن 'never will', and its final doubled س carries exactly that fathah ـَ. L10 · R4

Doubled Verb · فعل مضاعفA doubled verb is one whose second and third root letters are the same letter, written once with the doubling shaddah ـّ — the small w-shaped mark. The root مسس repeats its س, and تَمَسَّنَا shows that shaddah ـّ on the س. L24 · R10

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'me / us / them' that cannot stand alone — it is glued onto the end of another word, and each form carries within it exactly who is meant. نَا · 'us/our' is fastened to the tail of the verb here — تَمَسَّنَا — naming the one the action lands on. L3 · R6

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the one the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, usually a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the last letter. The ending نَا 'us' is that object, glued straight onto the verb — the ones the Fire would touch; a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so the accusative is the role it fills. L9 · R5

Definite Article · أل التعريفThe definite article is the prefix ٱل at the front of a noun (a naming word); it means 'the' — one specific, known one. Because the next letter, ن, is one of the fourteen 'sun-letters' — letters made in the same part of the mouth as ل itself, which swallow the ل of ٱل so it is written but not heard — the ل of the prefix melts into it and doubles it, shown by the shaddah ـّ — a small w-shaped doubling mark written above the letter: ٱلنَّارُ. L2 · R9

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. نَّارُ names such a thing: 'the Fire', from the root نور: fire, light. L1 · R6

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as grammatically 'she'. Most feminine nouns wear a visible marker — a ة at the end, a final ى, or اء — but نَّارُ shows none of these: it is one of the words Arabic simply knows as feminine, learned with the word itself: 'the Fire'. L2 · R2

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as the subject of its sentence, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter. نَّارُ ends in exactly that ḍammah ـُ. L2 · R10

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, standing in the nominative — shown here by the ḍammah ـُ, the small curl on the ر of ٱلنَّارُ. The Fire is what would do the touching — and they deny it ever will. L9 · R2

Exception Particle · أداة الاستثناءAn exception particle carves something out of a general statement, and إِلَّا 'except' is the primary one; after a 'not', the pair narrows to 'only'. With لَن 'never will' before it, their claim shrinks the threat to one small carve-out: EXCEPT a few counted days. L19 · R2

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. أَيَّامًا names such a thing: '(for) days', from the root يوم: day, time, period. L1 · R6

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every noun — every naming word — as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. أَيَّامًۭا carries no feminine marker — no ة at its end, no final ى, no اء — so it takes the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Plural Noun · جمعA plural noun refers to three or more, made either by adding an ending or by reshaping the word from the inside — a 'broken' plural. أَيَّامًا is such a reshaped plural of يَوْم 'day': 'days'. L2 · R6

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' one of something — no particular one — and it never wears the definite article ال ('the'); instead it shows this with tanwīn, a doubled end-vowel mark. أَيَّامًا carries the tanwīn ـً — the fathah ـَ doubled — marking it as unspecified: '(for) days'. L2 · R8

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is an ending shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter — doubled here to the tanwīn ـً. أَيَّامًا ends in exactly that doubled fathah ـً, the form it wears as the thing carved out by إِلَّآ 'except'. L2 · R11

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel mark ـً — is a noun, a naming word; Arabic counts describing words like this among its naming words. مَّعْدُودَةً means 'numbered, counted', from the root عدد — number, counting. L1 · R2

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun is a naming word left general — not pinned to one known thing by the definite article ال ('the') — and it shows this with tanwīn, a doubled end-vowel mark. مَّعْدُودَةً carries the tanwīn ـً — the fathah ـَ doubled: 'numbered'. L2 · R8

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is an ending shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter — doubled here to the tanwīn ـً. مَّعْدُودَةً ends in exactly that doubled fathah ـً on its ة, copying the ending of أَيَّامًا, the word it describes. L2 · R11

Adjective · صفةAn adjective is a describing word that comes after its naming word — and when that naming word is a broken plural, a plural reshaped from the inside, the adjective takes the feminine singular form. أَيَّامًا 'days' is exactly such a plural, so its describing word مَّعْدُودَةً wears the feminine ة while matching its doubled fathah ـً: 'days — numbered ones'. L7 · R3

Passive Participle · اسم مفعولA passive participle is a naming word built from a verb's root, on the pattern مَفْعُول, for the one the action was done to. مَّعْدُودَةً is on exactly that pattern — the مَـ at its front and the long و before its last root letter — 'counted': days that have been counted out. L11 · R2

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. قُلْ is a command: 'Say', from the root قول: to say, speak, tell. L1 · R7

Imperative Verb · فعل أمرAn imperative verb is a direct command addressed to 'you', formed from the present-tense verb by removing its opening prefix and placing the sukūn ـْ — the small circle meaning the sound stops — on the final letter. قُلْ carries exactly that sukūn on its ل: 'Say!', a command to the Prophet. L10 · R1

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb has و or ي among its root letters, and in the command shape a weak middle letter is deleted — قُلْ 'Say!' from قَالَ is the very model. The vowel left behind is the fingerprint of the deleted letter: the ḍammah ـُ, the small curl above the ق, points to the vanished و of the root قول. L24 · R4

Interrogative Particle · حرف استفهامAn interrogative particle turns a statement into a question, and the prefix أَ is one that forms yes/no questions. The أَ opening أَتَّخَذْتُمْ asks: HAVE you taken…? L17 · R1

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. تَّخَذْ speaks of an action already carried out: 'Have you taken', from the root اخذ: to take, seize, grasp; to punish, hold accountable. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past-tense verb describes an action already completed — and it shows who by a small ending fastened to the verb's tail. On أَتَّخَذْتُمْ that ending is تُمْ, telling exactly who is meant: 'Have you taken', from the root اخذ: to take, seize, grasp; to punish, hold accountable. L8 · R2

Hamzated Verb · فعل مهموزA hamzated verb has a hamza (ء) among its root letters, and the hamza's changing behavior can disguise the root. The root اخذ opens with that hamza — yet no root hamza shows in تَّخَذْ at all; the root hides behind this shape. L24 · R11

Form VIII Verb · اِفْتَعَلَA Form VIII verb tucks an extra ت inside, right after the first root letter, usually giving a do-it-for-oneself sense. In أَتَّخَذْتُمْ that inserted ت stands doubled at the front — shown by the shaddah ـّ, the small w-shaped mark, on the ت: taking a covenant FOR YOURSELVES. L13 · R4

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'I / you / he' that cannot stand alone — it is glued onto the end of another word, and each form carries within it exactly who is meant. تُمْ · 'you all/your' is fastened to the tail of the verb here — أَتَّخَذْتُمْ — naming the one who did the action. L3 · R6

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, standing in the nominative — the doer's form, usually a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. The ending تُمْ is that doer, 'you all'; a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so no ḍammah appears — the nominative is the role it fills. L9 · R4

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is an ending shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter. عِندَ ends in exactly that fathah ـَ, the ending words that tell where something stands keep fixed. L2 · R11

Place Adverb · ظرف مكانA place adverb is a naming word frozen in the accusative — the fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above its last letter — that tells where something happens, and عِندَ 'with/at' is one of the most common, chained to the naming word after it. Here: a covenant taken 'WITH Allah'. L26 · R2

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea — and in Arabic this includes proper names. ٱللَّهِ is a proper name: 'Allah'. L1 · R6

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a noun (a naming word) takes as the owner in an 'of' phrase, marked by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke written below the final letter. عِندَ and ٱللَّهِ form such a pair, 'from Allah', and as the owner-word of that pair, ٱللَّهِ ends with exactly that kasrah ـِ. L2 · R12

Possessive (Idafa) · مضاف إليهArabic says 'of' by chaining two nouns — two naming words — directly together: عِندَ ٱللَّهِ reads 'from — Allah'. The second word of such a chain, the owner, always takes the genitive — the after-'of' ending, shown by a kasrah ـِ, a small slanted stroke written below the letter — and ٱللَّهِ ends with exactly that kasrah ـِ. L5 · R5

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. عَهْدًا names such a thing: 'a covenant', from the root عهد: covenant, treaty, oath, promise. L1 · R6

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every noun — every naming word — as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. عَهْدًۭا carries no feminine marker — no ة at its end, no final ى, no اء — so it takes the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' one of something — no particular one — and it never wears the definite article ال ('the'); instead it shows this with tanwīn, a doubled end-vowel mark. عَهْدًا carries the tanwīn ـً — the fathah ـَ doubled — marking it as unspecified: 'a covenant'. L2 · R8

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is the ending a naming word takes when the action lands on it, shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter — doubled here to the tanwīn ـً. عَهْدًا ends in exactly that doubled fathah ـً. L2 · R11

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the thing the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, here the doubled fathah ـً at the end of عَهْدًا. 'A covenant' is what the taking would have landed on. L9 · R3

Resumptive Particle · حرف استئنافA resumptive particle is a وَ or فَ that begins a fresh statement after a pause or a shift of topic — it starts the speech anew rather than adding one more item to a list. The prefix فَ · 'then' at the front of فَلَن opens such a fresh start. L14 · R1

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word of one to three letters that works like glue — it connects or adjusts other words rather than naming something or describing an action, and it can never be the one a sentence is about. لَن · 'will not' is such a helper. L1 · R9

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle flips a statement to its opposite, and لَنْ 'will not' negates the future, putting the verb after it into the subjunctive mood — typically marked by a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the verb's last letter. Allah will NEVER break His covenant. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. يُخْلِفَ is an action unfolding now: 'will break', from the root خلف: to come after, succeed, replace; successor, opposition. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present-tense verb is the verb shape that opens with one of the four present-tense prefixes أ ن ي ت; small helper words before it can bend its time and mood. يُخْلِفَ wears that present-tense shape, opening with exactly such a letter: 'will break', from the root خلف: to come after, succeed, replace; successor, opposition. L8 · R3

Subjunctive Mood · الفعل المنصوبThe subjunctive is the mood a present tense verb takes after particles like أَنْ and لَنْ, its marker a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke — on the final letter for singular shapes. يُخْلِفَ stands right after لَن 'never will', and its final ف carries exactly that fathah ـَ. L10 · R4

Form IV Verb · أَفْعَلَA Form IV verb is a verb stamped into the pattern that adds a hamza to the front of its three root letters; in the present tense this form announces itself instead by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the letter — sitting on the verb's opening prefix letter. يُخْلِفَ carries exactly that ḍammah ـُ on its opening letter: 'will break', from the root خلف: to come after, succeed, replace; successor, opposition. L12 · R7

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea — and in Arabic this includes proper names. ٱللَّهُ is a proper name: 'Allah'. L1 · R6

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as the subject of its sentence, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter. ٱللَّهُ ends in exactly that ḍammah ـُ. L2 · R10

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action in a verb-first sentence, standing in the nominative — shown here by the ḍammah ـُ, the small curl on the last letter of ٱللَّهُ. Allah is the One who would never break it. L9 · R2

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. عَهْدَ names such a thing: 'His Covenant?', from the root عهد: covenant, treaty, oath, promise. L1 · R6

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every noun — every naming word — as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. عَهْدَهُۥٓ carries no feminine marker — no ة at its end, no final ى, no اء — so it takes the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is the ending a naming word takes when the action lands on it, shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter. عَهْدَ ends in exactly that fathah ـَ on its د. L2 · R11

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the thing the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, here the fathah ـَ on the د of عَهْدَ. 'His covenant' is what the breaking would land on — and it never will. L9 · R3

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto the end of another word; attached to a naming word, it shows possession. The ending هُۥٓ on عَهْدَهُۥٓ stands for 'His': HIS covenant. L3 · R6

Possessive (Idafa) · مضاف إليهA possessive (iḍāfah) chains two naming words into an 'of' phrase, and the owner comes second, taking the genitive — the owner's ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. The ending هُۥٓ fills that owner slot: 'the covenant OF Him'; a pronoun keeps one fixed written shape, so the genitive is the role it fills. L5 · R5

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word of one to three letters that works like glue — it connects or adjusts other words rather than naming something or describing an action, and it can never be the one a sentence is about. أَمْ · 'or (rather)' is such a helper. L1 · R9

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a particle that joins words or sentences, and أَمْ means 'or (rather)'. It joins the second half of the challenge to the first: a covenant with Allah — OR are you saying what you do not know? L4 · R4

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. تَقُولُ is an action unfolding now: '(do) you say', from the root قول: to say, speak, tell. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present-tense verb describes an action happening now or still to come, and it is recognized by its opening letter — one of the four present-tense prefixes أ ن ي ت. تَقُولُ opens with exactly such a letter: '(do) you say', from the root قول: to say, speak, tell. L8 · R3

The Five Verbs · الأفعال الخمسةThe Five Verbs are the five present-tense shapes whose ending closes with the letter ن — يَفْعَلَانِ, تَفْعَلَانِ, يَفْعَلُونَ, تَفْعَلُونَ, تَفْعَلِينَ. تَقُولُونَ is one of them: its ending ونَ keeps that closing ن, and for these five shapes the kept ن is itself the grammar-sign that the verb stands in its plain, ordinary mood. L10 · R10

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb is a verb that carries و or ي — the 'weak' letters, which love to soften into long vowels or vanish — among its root letters. The root of تَقُولُ is قول: to say, speak, tell — and its middle letter is the weak و, so the weakness sits in the middle of the root. L24 · R4

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'I / you / he' that cannot stand alone — it is glued onto the end of another word, and each form carries within it exactly who is meant. ونَ · 'you all/your' is fastened to the tail of the verb here — تَقُولُونَ — naming the one who did the action. L3 · R6

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, standing in the nominative — the doer's form, usually a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. The ending ونَ is that doer, 'you all', the speakers; a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so no ḍammah appears — the nominative is the role it fills. L9 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word of one to three letters that works like glue — it connects or adjusts other words rather than naming something or describing an action, and it can never be the one a sentence is about. عَلَى · 'on/upon' is such a helper. L1 · R9

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little helper word that relates one thing to another; Arabic keeps a short list of them — small words like فِي 'in', مِنْ 'from', and عَلَىٰ 'on'. عَلَى · 'on/upon' is one of these relation-words. L4 · R2

Noun · اسمA noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea — and in Arabic this includes proper names. ٱللَّهِ is a proper name: 'Allah'. L1 · R6

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a noun (a naming word) takes after a preposition — a little word like 'in' or 'to' — and it is marked by a kasrah ـِ, a small slanted stroke written below the letter. ٱللَّهِ stands right after such a little word, so its final letter carries exactly that kasrah ـِ: ٱللَّهِ. L2 · R12

Relative Pronoun · اسم موصولA relative pronoun is a word that hooks a whole describing sentence onto its meaning. مَا · 'what' is the relative word Arabic uses for non-human things — 'what' or 'that which' — one fixed shape for any gender and any number: its ending never changes to show its job in the sentence. L5 · R13

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the thing the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, usually a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the last letter. 'That which you do not know' is what the saying lands on, and مَا anchors it; this word keeps one fixed written shape, so the accusative is the role it fills, not a mark on show. L9 · R3

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word of one to three letters that works like glue — it connects or adjusts other words rather than naming something or describing an action, and it can never be the one a sentence is about. لَا · 'not/no' is such a helper. L1 · R9

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle flips a statement to its opposite, and لَا is the one used with present-tense verbs. Here it denies their knowing: what you do NOT know. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action or happening that is always tied to a time — past, present/future, or a command. تَعْلَمُ is an action unfolding now: 'you know?', from the root علم: to know, knowledge. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present-tense verb describes an action happening now or still to come, and it is recognized by its opening letter — one of the four present-tense prefixes أ ن ي ت. تَعْلَمُ opens with exactly such a letter: 'you know?', from the root علم: to know, knowledge. L8 · R3

The Five Verbs · الأفعال الخمسةThe Five Verbs are the five present-tense shapes whose ending closes with the letter ن — يَفْعَلَانِ, تَفْعَلَانِ, يَفْعَلُونَ, تَفْعَلُونَ, تَفْعَلِينَ. تَعْلَمُونَ is one of them: its ending ونَ keeps that closing ن, and for these five shapes the kept ن is itself the grammar-sign that the verb stands in its plain, ordinary mood. L10 · R10

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word for 'I / you / he' that cannot stand alone — it is glued onto the end of another word, and each form carries within it exactly who is meant. ونَ · 'you all/your' is fastened to the tail of the verb here — تَعْلَمُونَ — naming the one who did the action. L3 · R6

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action, standing in the nominative — the doer's form, usually a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. The ending ونَ is that doer, 'you all'; a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so no ḍammah appears — the nominative is the role it fills. L9 · R4