Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. لَّا is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle is a word like لَا meaning 'not', which flips a statement to its opposite; لَا negates present-tense statements. Here it denies the verb after it: on that Day no soul 'will NOT avail' — will be of no help — for another. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. تَجْزِى names an action — availing, paying on another's behalf — from the root جزي. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb is identified by one of the four prefix letters remembered as أَنَيْتُ. تَجْزِى opens with the prefix تَ — the letter used for 'she', matching the 'she'-word نَفْسٌ 'soul' — always standing before the root letters. L8 · R3

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb is one whose root contains the weak letter و or ي. The root of تَجْزِى is جزي: its final weak letter surfaces here as the bent final ى. L24 · R2

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. نَفْسٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ and names a soul, from the root نفس: soul, self, person. L1 · R2

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she'. نَفْس 'soul' carries no visible marker like ة, yet is one of the words simply known to be feminine — it must be memorized. L2 · R2

Singular Noun · مفردA singular noun refers to exactly one and shows its ending with a single short vowel mark, doubled to tanwīn when the word is indefinite. نَفْسٌ names one soul, its doubled ḍammah ـٌ carrying the ending. L2 · R4

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. نَفْسٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ: 'any soul' at all. L2 · R8

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as the subject of its sentence, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـٌ when the word is indefinite. نَفْسٌ ends in that doubled ḍammah ـٌ. L2 · R10

Doer (Fa'il) · فاعلThe doer is the one performing the action of a verb, and it takes the nominative — shown here by the doubled ḍammah ـٌ on نَفْسٌ. The soul is the doer of the denied availing: no soul will do any availing for another. L9 · R2

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. عَن is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. عَنْ 'from/about' is one of the common prepositions: availing 'on behalf of' another soul. L4 · R2

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. نَّفْسٍ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ and names a soul, from the root نفس: soul, self, person. L1 · R2

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she'. نَفْس 'soul' carries no visible marker like ة, yet is one of the words simply known to be feminine — it must be memorized. L2 · R2

Singular Noun · مفردA singular noun refers to exactly one and shows its ending with a single short vowel mark, doubled to tanwīn when the word is indefinite. نَّفْسٍ names one soul, its doubled kasrah ـٍ carrying the ending. L2 · R4

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. نَّفْسٍ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ: 'another soul', whichever it may be. L2 · R8

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـٍ when the word is indefinite. نَّفْسٍ ends in that doubled kasrah ـٍ because عَن stands before it. L2 · R12

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. شَيْـًٔا carries the doubled fathah ـً and names a thing — 'anything' — from the root شيا, to will, wish; thing. L1 · R2

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. شَيْـًٔا carries the doubled fathah ـً: anything at all. L2 · R8

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is the ending a naming word takes when the action lands on it, shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the letter — doubled to tanwīn ـً when the word is indefinite. شَيْـًٔا carries that doubled fathah ـً. L2 · R11

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the thing the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, here the doubled fathah ـً. شَيْـًٔا 'anything' is what the denied availing would amount to: not a single thing will one soul manage for another. L9 · R3

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a small joining word like 'and' that ties one denial to another. The prefix وَ joins this second denial to the first: no availing, AND no accepted intercession. L4 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. لَا is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle is a word like لَا meaning 'not', which flips a statement to its opposite; لَا negates present-tense statements. Here it denies the accepting: intercession 'will NOT be accepted'. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. يُقْبَلُ names an action — accepting — from the root قبل, to accept. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb is identified by one of the four prefix letters remembered as أَنَيْتُ. يُقْبَلُ opens with the prefix ي, always standing before the root letters: the accepting spoken of — and denied — lies ahead, on that Day. L8 · R3

Passive Voice · المبني للمجهولA passive voice verb leaves the doer unnamed by reshaping its inner vowels; in the present tense the pattern carries a ḍammah ـُ (a small curl) on the prefix and a fathah ـَ (a small stroke) on the second root letter. يُقْبَلُ shows both — the ḍammah on يُ and the fathah on بَ: 'will BE accepted', with no accepter named. L11 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. مِنْ is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. مِنْ 'from' is one of the common prepositions: accepted 'from it'. L4 · R2

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto the end of another word; glued to a particle, it is governed by that particle. The ending هَا on مِنْهَا stands for 'it' — the soul, a 'she'-word in Arabic. L3 · R6

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. شَفَٰعَةٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ and names intercession — pleading on another's behalf — from the root شفع, to intercede. L1 · R2

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she', typically marked by a ة at its end. شَفَٰعَةٌ ends in exactly that ة. L2 · R1

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. شَفَٰعَةٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ: no intercession of any kind. L2 · R8

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as the subject of its sentence, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـٌ when the word is indefinite. شَفَٰعَةٌ ends in that doubled ḍammah ـٌ. L2 · R10

Passive Subject · نائب فاعلThe passive subject is the thing the action happens to, lifted into the subject spot of a passive verb and carrying the nominative — shown here by the doubled ḍammah ـٌ on شَفَٰعَةٌ. The intercession is what would be accepted; who might accept it is left unnamed by the verb itself. L11 · R5

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a small joining word like 'and' that ties one denial to another. The prefix وَ joins this third denial to the chain: no availing, no intercession, AND no ransom. L4 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. لَا is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle is a word like لَا meaning 'not', which flips a statement to its opposite; لَا negates present-tense statements. Here it denies the taking: compensation 'will NOT be taken'. L4 · R5

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. يُؤْخَذُ names an action — taking — from the root اخذ, to take, seize, grasp. L1 · R7

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb is identified by one of the four prefix letters remembered as أَنَيْتُ. يُؤْخَذُ opens with the prefix ي, always standing before the root letters: the taking spoken of — and denied — lies ahead, on that Day. L8 · R3

Hamzated Verb · فعل مهموزA hamzated verb has a hamza (ء) as one of its root letters, and the hamza keeps changing its written seat, which can disguise the root. The root اخذ begins with a hamza; in يُؤْخَذُ it sits on a wāw seat — the ؤْ — after the ḍammah of the prefix. L24 · R11

Passive Voice · المبني للمجهولA passive voice verb leaves the doer unnamed by reshaping its inner vowels; in the present tense the pattern carries a ḍammah ـُ (a small curl) on the prefix and a fathah ـَ (a small stroke) on the second root letter. يُؤْخَذُ shows both — the ḍammah on يُ and the fathah on خَ: 'will BE taken', with no taker named. L11 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. مِنْ is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. مِنْ 'from' is one of the common prepositions: taken 'from it'. L4 · R2

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto the end of another word; glued to a particle, it is governed by that particle. The ending هَا on مِنْهَا stands for 'it' — the soul, a 'she'-word in Arabic. L3 · R6

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. عَدْلٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ and names a compensation — a ransom, an equal exchange — from the root عدل: to equalize, to balance; justice, equivalence, ransom. L1 · R2

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. عَدْلٌ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ: no ransom of any kind. L2 · R8

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as the subject of its sentence, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـٌ when the word is indefinite. عَدْلٌ ends in that doubled ḍammah ـٌ. L2 · R10

Passive Subject · نائب فاعلThe passive subject is the thing the action happens to, lifted into the subject spot of a passive verb and carrying the nominative — shown here by the doubled ḍammah ـٌ on عَدْلٌ. The compensation is what would be taken; who might take it is left unnamed by the verb itself. L11 · R5

Resumptive Particle · حرف استئنافA resumptive particle is a وَ or فَ that begins a fresh statement after a pause or shift. The prefix وَ here opens the closing sentence of the warning, turning from things denied to the people themselves: 'nor will THEY…'. L14 · R1

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. لَا is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Negation Particle · حرف نفيA negation particle is a word like لَا meaning 'not', which flips a statement to its opposite. Here لَا denies the final statement: 'they will NOT be helped'. L4 · R5

Detached Pronoun · ضمير منفصلA detached pronoun is a standalone word for 'I/you/he/they'. هُمْ is the standalone word for 'they' — one of the twelve detached forms — naming those warned. L3 · R2

Subject (Mubtada') · مبتدأThe subject is the naming word a statement opens by talking about — its topic — standing in the nominative, the topic form usually shown by a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. A pronoun can serve as this topic, and هُمْ 'they' opens this closing statement — a pronoun keeps one fixed shape, so no ḍammah appears, but the role it fills is the nominative one; 'will be helped' (denied) is what is said about them. L6 · R2

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. يُنصَرُ names an action — helping — from the root نصر, to assist, aid, protect. L1 · R7

Predicate (Khabar) · خبرThe predicate is the part that tells you something about the topic, and it can be a complete verbal sentence. The topic was هُمْ 'they'; the verb-sentence يُنصَرُونَ '(will not) be helped' is what is said about them — the inner sentence itself carries the information, with no separate 'is' needed. L6 · R4

Present Tense Verb · فعل مضارعA present tense verb is identified by one of the four prefix letters remembered as أَنَيْتُ. يُنصَرُونَ opens with the prefix ي, always standing before the root letters: the helping spoken of — and denied — lies ahead, on that Day. L8 · R3

The Five Verbs · الأفعال الخمسةThe Five Verbs are the five present tense shapes ending in نَ, where that نَ itself shows the mood: kept in the normal mood, dropped after trimming words. يُنصَرُونَ is the 'they do' shape with its نَ kept — a plain statement of fact: they simply will not be helped. L10 · R10

Passive Voice · المبني للمجهولA passive voice verb leaves the doer unnamed by reshaping its inner vowels; in the present tense the pattern carries a ḍammah ـُ (a small curl) on the prefix and a fathah ـَ (a small stroke) on the second root letter. يُنصَرُونَ shows both — the ḍammah on يُ and the fathah on صَ: 'will BE helped', with no helper named — and none will come. L11 · R4

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto the end of a verb. The ending ونَ on يُنصَرُونَ is such a suffix, standing for 'they'. L3 · R7

Passive Subject · نائب فاعلThe passive subject is the one the action happens to, lifted into the subject spot of a passive verb and carrying the nominative — the subject's form, usually a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. The و in the ending ونَ of يُنصَرُونَ names those who would be helped, 'they'; a pronoun's written shape is fixed, so no ḍammah appears — the nominative is the role it fills. Who might help them is left unnamed by the verb itself. L11 · R5