9:77

At-Tawbah · Ayah 77

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Translation

So He penalized them

Word Breakdown

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ

So He penalized them

Word Breakdown

فHarf · Causal particle

Causal particle: indicates cause or reason

then

L4 Particles

أعْقبFi'l · Verb

3rd personMasculineSingularPastForm ((IV))

Rootعقب

★★★★Common

consequence, end result, heel (to turn back)

Lemmaأَعْقَبَ

Verb (form IV) - to penalize

L1 Arabic Word TypesL8 Verbs — Past & PresentL12 Verb Families II–IV

هُمْIsm · Personal pronoun

Attached pronoun: functions as object, possessor, or complement (3rd person masculine plural)

them/their

3rd personMasculinePlural

L3 Pronouns & Pointing

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Grammar Rules

Past tense verb

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ (So He penalized them) is a past tense verb — the action already happened and is complete.

We translate it in past tense — "did", "created", "said", etc.

L8 Verbs — Past & Present

Verb form IV — causative

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ (So He penalized them) uses form IV (أَفْعَلَ) — the أ at the start makes it causative ("to make someone do something").

We translate it as "to make [someone] do" or "to cause [action]".

L12 Verb Families II–IV

Sahih International

So He penalized them with hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they will meet Him - because they failed Allāh in what they promised Him and because they [habitually] used to lie.

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