Hafiz soon
At-Tawbah · 9:77

So He penalized them with hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they will meet Him - because they failed Allāh in what they promised Him and because they [habitually] used to lie.

Sahih International

Word 1 of 15

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ

fa-aʿqabahum

So He penalized them

Word breakdown

ف

Harf · Causal particle

then

أعْقب

Fi'l · Verb

So He penalized them

RootعقبEqb

consequence, end result, heel (to turn back)

80× in the Quran · Occasional

LemmaأَعْقَبَVerb (form IV) - to penalize

هُمْ

Ism · Personal pronoun

them/their

Grammar rules

Past tense verb

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ (So He penalized them) is a past tense verb — the action already happened and is complete.

We translate it in past tense — "did", "created", "said", etc.

Lesson 8 · Verbs — Past & Present
Verb form IV — causative

فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ (So He penalized them) uses form IV (أَفْعَلَ) — the أ at the start makes it causative ("to make someone do something").

We translate it as "to make [someone] do" or "to cause [action]".

Lesson 12 · Verb Families II–IV