7:119

Al-A'raf · Ayah 119

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So they were defeated

فَغُلِبُوا۟

So they were defeated

فَHarf · Resumption particle

Resumptive particle: resumes or continues discourse

then

غُلِبُFi'l · Verb

3rd personMasculinePluralPastPassive

Rootغلب

★★★★Common

to overcome, conquer, to gain victory

Lemmaغَلَبُ

Verb (form I) - to overcome, to defeat

وا۟Ism · Personal pronoun

Attached pronoun: functions as object, possessor, or complement (3rd person masculine plural)

them/their

3rd personMasculinePlural

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Past tense verb

فَغُلِبُوا۟ (So they were defeated) is a past tense verb — the action already happened and is complete.

We translate it in past tense — "did", "created", "said", etc.

Passive voice

فَغُلِبُوا۟ (So they were defeated) is passive — the action is happening to someone, but who is doing it is not mentioned.

We translate it as "is/was [done]" — e.g. "was created", "is known".

And they [i.e., Pharaoh and his people] were overcome right there and became debased.

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