And they swear by Allāh their strongest oaths that if you ordered them, they would go forth [in Allāh's cause]. Say, "Do not swear. [Such] obedience is known. Indeed, Allāh is [fully] Aware of that which you do."
Sahih International
۞ وَأَقْسَمُوا۟
wa-aqsamū
And they swear
Word breakdown
و
Harf · Conjunctionand
أقْسمُ
Fi'l · VerbAnd they swear
to divide, distribute; to swear, take an oath
33× in the Quran · Occasional
وا
Ism · Personal pronounthem/their
Grammar rules
۞ وَأَقْسَمُوا۟ (And they swear) is a past tense verb — the action already happened and is complete.
We translate it in past tense — "did", "created", "said", etc.
Lesson 8 · Verbs — Past & Present۞ وَأَقْسَمُوا۟ (And they swear) uses form IV (أَفْعَلَ) — the أ at the start makes it causative ("to make someone do something").
We translate it as "to make [someone] do" or "to cause [action]".
Lesson 12 · Verb Families II–IV۞ وَأَقْسَمُوا۟ (And they swear) starts with وَ, the most common Arabic word — it means "and".
We add "and" to connect this to what came before.
Lesson 4 · Particles