Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. خَلَقَ names an action — creating — from the root خلق, to create, bring into being. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past tense verb in its base shape is the bare 'he' form with no added ending, naming a completed action. خَلَقَ is exactly that bare form: 'He created'. L8 · R1

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word after it into the genitive — the after-preposition standing, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. The prefix لَ means 'for': 'for you'. L4 · R1

Detached Pronoun · ضمير منفصلA pronoun is a mini-word standing in for a name, here كُم 'you all'. Joined after the preposition لَ, it names those the creation was made for: 'for you'. L3 · R7

Relative Pronoun · اسم موصولA relative pronoun is a word that hooks a describing idea onto something. مَّا is the form used for non-human things — 'that which': that which is on the earth. L5 · R13

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is what the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, usually a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the last letter. The creating of خَلَقَ lands on مَّا 'that which is on the earth'; this word keeps one fixed written shape, so no fathah appears on it — the object role is carried by its place in the sentence. L9 · R3

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. فِى is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word right after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. فِى means 'in/on': 'on the earth'. L4 · R1

Definite Article · أل التعريفThe definite article is the prefix ٱلْ ('the') fixed to the front of a naming word to mark one specific, known thing. Here it marks أَرْضِ as 'the earth'. L2 · R9

Noun · اسمA word that accepts the prefix ٱلْ ('the') is a noun — a naming word. This word carries that prefix and names a thing: 'the earth', from the root ارض, earth, land, ground. L1 · R1

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she'. أَرْض 'earth' is one of the special words counted feminine without any visible marker — it must simply be known — so it is treated as feminine. L2 · R2

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the last letter. ٱلْأَرْضِ carries that kasrah ـِ because فِى stands before it. L2 · R12

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. جَمِيعًۭا ends in the doubled fathah ـً and names a wholeness: 'all together', from the root جمع, to gather, assemble. L1 · R2

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun is general and unspecified, shown by tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. جَمِيعًۭا ends in the doubled fathah ـً. L2 · R8

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is the ending shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـً when the word is indefinite. جَمِيعًۭا ends in that doubled fathah ـً. L2 · R11

Circumstantial (Hāl) · الحالThe ḥāl describes the state something is in during the action, and it is an indefinite word in the accusative — here the doubled fathah ـً. جَمِيعًۭا tells the state of what He created for you: 'all of it, altogether'. L21 · R5

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. ثُمَّ is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a small joining word; ثُمَّ means 'then/moreover', joining one statement to the next in order. Here it carries the account onward to the heaven. L4 · R4

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. ٱسْتَوَىٰٓ names an action — directing Himself, turning toward — from the root سوي, to make equal, fashion proportionately, establish. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past tense verb in its base shape is the bare 'he' form with no added person ending, naming a completed action. ٱسْتَوَىٰٓ is that bare form — 'He directed Himself' — its opening ٱ belonging to the verb's pattern, not to any person marker. L8 · R1

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb is one whose root contains the weak letter و or ي — letters that love to soften into long vowels. The root of ٱسْتَوَىٰٓ is سوي, whose weak final letter softens here into the long 'ā' sound written ىٰ at the word's close. L24 · R2

Form VIII Verb · اِفْتَعَلَA Form VIII verb tucks an extra تـ just after the first root letter. In ٱسْتَوَىٰٓ, from the root سوي, that inserted تَ sits right after the first root letter س — with a helping ٱ in front to make the cluster pronounceable — marking it as Form VIII. L13 · R4

Particle · حرفA particle is a small helper word with no meaning standing alone; it takes no ending and does not name or act. إِلَى is such a helper word here. L1 · R8

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. إِلَى 'to/toward' is one of the common prepositions: 'to the heaven'. L4 · R2

Definite Article · أل التعريفThe definite article is the prefix ٱل ('the') fixed to the front of a naming word to mark one specific, known thing. Here the س is one of the fourteen 'solar' letters — letters made near where the ل itself is made, which swallow the ل of ٱل so it is written but not heard — so the س doubles, shown by the shaddah ـّ, the small w-shaped doubling mark above it. L2 · R9

Noun · اسمA word that accepts the prefix ٱل ('the') is a noun — a naming word. This word carries that prefix and names a thing: 'the heaven', from the root سمو, to be high, elevated; sky. L1 · R1

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she', marked by ة, by ى, or by the ending اء (alif plus hamzah). سَّمَآء ends in exactly that اء, so it is treated as feminine. L2 · R1

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the last letter. ٱلسَّمَآءِ carries that kasrah ـِ because إِلَى stands before it. L2 · R12

Conjunction · حرف عطفA conjunction is a small joining word; فَ means 'and then', joining what follows in close sequence. The prefix فَ joins 'made them seven heavens' onto His turning toward the heaven. L4 · R4

Verb · فعلA verb is a word for an action tied to a time. سَوَّىٰ names an action — fashioning proportionately — from the root سوي, to make equal, fashion, establish. L1 · R7

Past Tense Verb · فعل ماضٍA past tense verb in its base shape is the bare 'he' form with no added person ending, naming a completed action. سَوَّىٰ is that bare form: 'He fashioned'. L8 · R1

Weak Verb · فعل معتلA weak verb is one whose root contains the weak letter و or ي — letters that love to soften into long vowels. The root of سَوَّىٰ is سوي, whose weak final letter softens here into the long 'ā' sound written ىٰ at the word's close. L24 · R2

Form II Verb · فَعَّلَA Form II verb doubles its middle root letter, shown by the shaddah ـّ — a small w-shaped mark meaning the letter is said twice. In سَوَّىٰ that shaddah sits on the و, the middle letter of the root سوي, marking it as Form II. L12 · R1

Attached Pronoun · ضمير متصلAn attached pronoun is a mini-word glued onto the end of a verb; attached to a verb it names the one the action lands on. The ending هُنَّ on فَسَوَّىٰهُنَّ stands for 'them' (feminine): the heavens. L3 · R7

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is the one the action lands on, standing in the accusative — the landed-on form, usually a fathah ـَ, a small slanted stroke above the last letter. The ending هُنَّ 'them' is that object: the fashioning lands on the heavens. A pronoun keeps its fixed written shape, so no fathah appears — the accusative is the role it fills. L9 · R5

Noun · اسمA noun is a naming word for a person, thing, idea, or quantity. سَبْعَ names a number — seven — from the root سبع, the number seven. L1 · R6

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Accusative · منصوبThe accusative is the ending shown by a fathah ـَ — a small slanted stroke above the last letter. سَبْعَ ends in exactly that fathah ـَ. L2 · R11

Direct Object · مفعول بهThe direct object is what the action lands on, in the accusative — the fathah ـَ, the small stroke above the last letter. سَبْعَ carries that fathah as what He made them INTO: 'made them seven heavens'. L9 · R3

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ and names things: heavens, from the root سمو, to be high, elevated; sky. L1 · R2

Feminine Noun · اسم مؤنثA feminine noun is a naming word Arabic treats as 'she', marked by ة, by ى, or by the ending اء. This word is the plural of سَمَآء 'heaven', which ends in exactly that اء; in the plural the feminine marking lives on in the ending ـَات. L2 · R1

Plural Noun · جمعA plural noun refers to three or more. The sound feminine plural — the plural of a feminine naming word — adds the ending ـَات, and سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ carries that ending: not one heaven but seven. L2 · R6

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun is general and unspecified, shown by tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ: 'heavens'. L2 · R8

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes as the owner in an 'of' phrase, shown here by the doubled kasrah ـٍ — the tanwīn kasrah below the last letter. سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ carries it as the paired word of the number: 'seven OF heavens'. L2 · R12

Possessive (Idafa) · مضاف إليهA possessive (iḍāfah) chains two naming words into an 'of' pair whose second word always takes the genitive — the owner's ending, the kasrah ـِ, here doubled as tanwīn ـٍ. سَمَـٰوَٰتٍۢ is that second word, chained to the number سَبْعَ: 'seven of heavens'. L5 · R5

Circumstantial Particle · واو الحالThe circumstantial particle is a وَ meaning 'while/and', introducing a mini-sentence that describes an accompanying state; its marker is that a complete topic-plus-comment sentence follows it. Here the وَ introduces هُوَ … عَلِيمٌ — 'He being Knowing of all things'. L14 · R3

Detached Pronoun · ضمير منفصلA detached pronoun is a standalone word for 'I/you/he/they'. هُوَ is the standalone word 'He', naming Allah. L3 · R2

Subject (Mubtada') · مبتدأThe subject is the word a statement opens by talking about — its topic — standing in the nominative, the topic's form, usually shown by a ḍammah ـُ, a small curl above the last letter. هُوَ 'He' is that topic; a pronoun keeps one fixed written shape, so no ḍammah appears on it — the nominative is the role it fills. L6 · R2

Preposition · حرف جرA preposition is a little word that relates one thing to another and pulls the naming word right after it into the genitive — the after-preposition ending, usually a kasrah ـِ, a small stroke below the last letter. The prefix بِ means 'of/about': Knowing 'of every thing'. L4 · R1

Noun · اسمA noun is a naming word for a person, thing, or idea. كُلِّ names a totality — 'every/all' — from the root كلل: entirely, all, each one. L1 · R6

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes after a preposition, shown by a kasrah ـِ — a small slanted stroke below the last letter. كُلِّ carries that kasrah ـِ because بِ stands before it. L2 · R12

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. شَىْءٍ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ and names 'a thing', from the root شيا, to will, wish; thing. L1 · R2

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun means 'a' or 'any' — no particular one — and shows this with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. شَىْءٍ ends in the doubled kasrah ـٍ: 'any thing'. L2 · R8

Genitive · مجرورThe genitive is the ending a naming word takes as the owner in an 'of' phrase, shown here by the doubled kasrah ـٍ below the last letter. شَىْءٍ carries it as the paired word of كُلِّ: 'every OF thing' — everything. L2 · R12

Possessive (Idafa) · مضاف إليهA possessive (iḍāfah) chains two naming words into an 'of' pair whose second word always takes the genitive — the owner's ending, the kasrah ـِ, here doubled as tanwīn ـٍ. شَىْءٍ is that second word, chained to كُلِّ: 'every thing'. L5 · R5

Noun · اسمA word that accepts tanwīn — the doubled end-vowel marks ـٌ ـً ـٍ — is a noun, a naming word. عَلِيمٌۭ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ and names a quality-holder: 'Knowing', from the root علم, to know, knowledge. L1 · R2

Masculine Noun · اسم مذكرArabic treats every naming word as grammatically 'he' or 'she'. This word carries no feminine marker such as a ة at its end, so it falls to the default and is treated as 'he': a masculine noun. L2 · R3

Singular Noun · مفردA singular noun refers to one, showing its ending with a single short vowel mark — doubled to tanwīn when the word is indefinite. عَلِيمٌۭ is the singular form, its ending the single doubled ḍammah ـٌ: one Knower. L2 · R4

Indefinite Noun · نكرةAn indefinite noun shows its openness with tanwīn, the doubled end-vowel mark. عَلِيمٌۭ ends in the doubled ḍammah ـٌ — the usual dress of a one-word comment about a topic. L2 · R8

Nominative · مرفوعThe nominative is the ending a naming word takes as subject or the comment about a topic, shown by a ḍammah ـُ — a small curl above the last letter — doubled to tanwīn ـٌ when the word is indefinite. عَلِيمٌۭ ends in that doubled ḍammah ـٌ. L2 · R10

Predicate (Khabar) · خبرThe predicate is the part that tells you something about the topic, standing in the nominative in its own right — here the doubled ḍammah ـٌ above the last letter. The topic was هُوَ 'He'; عَلِيمٌۭ, carrying that ending, is what is said about Him, with the 'is' understood: 'He IS Knowing of all things'. L6 · R3